Indonesia’s Central Statistics Agency, or Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS), has introduced the 2025 Indonesian Standard Industrial Classification, commonly known as KBLI 2025, under BPS Regulation No. 7 of 2025.
KBLI 2025 replaces KBLI 2020, which was previously regulated under BPS Regulation No. 2 of 2020. The updated classification was issued to reflect changes in technology, economic structures, business models, environmental priorities, and the growing importance of digital services.
KBLI 2025 is aligned with the International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities Revision 5, or ISIC Revision 5, published by the United Nations Statistics Division.
The update is not merely a renumbering exercise. It introduces new business classifications, restructures existing codes, separates and combines certain activities, and changes the way digital platforms, intermediary services, green-economy activities, advanced manufacturing, and outsourced production models are classified.
What Is KBLI?
KBLI is Indonesia’s official system for classifying economic and business activities based on similarities in their inputs, production processes, and outputs.
Although KBLI was originally developed for statistical purposes, it is now widely used for:
- determining a company’s business purposes and activities
- registering a company through the Legal Entity Administration System
- obtaining a Business Identification Number, or NIB
- applying for licences through the Online Single Submission system
- determining risk-based business licensing requirements
- sectoral supervision and reporting and
- compiling national economic statistics.
The existence of a KBLI code does not automatically mean that the activity is legally permitted. The legality of a business activity continues to depend on applicable laws, sectoral regulations, standards, procedures, and licensing requirements.
KBLI 2020 vs KBLI 2025: General Comparison
| Aspect | KBLI 2020 | KBLI 2025 |
|---|---|---|
| Legal basis | BPS Regulation No. 2 of 2020 | BPS Regulation No. 7 of 2025 |
| International reference | ISIC Revision 4 | ISIC Revision 5 |
| Number of categories | 21 categories, A–U | 22 categories, A–V |
| Main focus | Economic and business structures up to 2020 | Digital economy, intermediary services, green economy, advanced technology, and new business models |
| Online commerce | Certain activities were distinguished based on sales channels | Classification is based on the goods or services involved, rather than the sales channel |
| Digital platforms | Many platforms were placed under web portals or digital-platform activities | Platforms are classified according to the sector or service they intermediate |
| Factoryless Goods Producers | Not clearly emphasised | May be classified as manufacturers when they control product design, specifications, and strategic inputs |
| Carbon-related activities | Limited coverage | Expanded coverage of carbon trading, capture, storage, and related services |
| Code structure | Five hierarchical levels | Five hierarchical levels, with extensive restructuring |
Structure of KBLI 2025
KBLI 2025 retains a five-level hierarchical coding system.
| Classification Level | Code Format | Number in KBLI 2025 |
|---|---|---|
| Category | Alphabetical code | 22 |
| Division | 2 digits | 87 |
| Group | 3 digits | 257 |
| Class | 4 digits | 519 |
| Subclass | 5 digits | 1,559 |
The 22 categories run from Category A to Category V.
Types of Code Changes Under KBLI 2025
Not every KBLI 2020 code has a direct one-to-one equivalent in KBLI 2025. Businesses must therefore review both the code number and the substance of the activity.
| Type of Change | Explanation |
|---|---|
| One-to-one conversion | One KBLI 2020 code corresponds directly to one KBLI 2025 code |
| Code split or one-to-many | One previous code is divided into several more specific codes |
| Code merger or many-to-one | Several previous codes are consolidated into one new code |
| Recoding or relocation | The activity remains recognised but is moved to another code or category |
| New code or new scope | A new activity is introduced because it was not adequately covered previously |
| Code deletion | A code is removed because its activities are transferred, divided, or consolidated elsewhere |
| Description amendment | The code may remain the same, but its description, scope, or exclusions are revised |
A business should not assume that a similar-looking code is automatically the correct replacement. The actual activities, production process, source of revenue, and economic function must also be reviewed.
What Are the Main Changes in KBLI 2025?
Changes in Categories A to K
| Category | Business Sector | Main Changes Under KBLI 2025 |
|---|---|---|
| A | Agriculture, Forestry, and Fishing | Wildlife and plant breeding activities are separated; fishing activities are simplified based on water environments; carbon absorption and storage activities are included |
| B | Mining and Quarrying | New classifications cover coal beneficiation, strategic minerals, industrial minerals, and rare-earth metal mining |
| C | Manufacturing | The Factoryless Goods Producer concept is recognised; new activities include liquid biofuels, solar panels, inverters, energy-storage systems, ventilators, unmanned vehicles, and space-related equipment |
| D | Electricity, Gas, Steam, and Air Conditioning Supply | Electricity generation is divided between renewable and non-renewable sources; hydrogen production and distribution, energy brokerage, and carbon-unit activities are addressed |
| E | Water Supply, Sewerage, Waste Management, and Remediation | Wastewater activities are restructured; new classifications include carbon capture and storage, radioactive waste, waste-to-energy, and plastic-material recovery |
| F | Construction | Conventional and prefabricated construction are distinguished; construction intermediary services are introduced |
| G | Wholesale and Retail Trade | Vehicle repair is moved to the service category; online and offline sales are no longer separated solely by sales channel; marketplaces are treated as trade intermediary services |
| H | Transportation and Storage | Land transport is classified based on service type and distance; space transport is separated; transportation intermediary services are introduced |
| I | Accommodation and Food Service Activities | Accommodation classifications are made more specific; Online Travel Agents are treated as accommodation intermediaries; food-service activities are reorganised |
| J | Publishing, Broadcasting, and Content Production and Distribution | The category now expressly covers podcasts, game publishing, streaming, video-on-demand, social media, and digital-content activities |
| K | Telecommunications, Computer Programming, Consulting, Computing Infrastructure, and Other Information Services | The category focuses on digital infrastructure and technology services; general web portals are removed and intermediary platforms are classified according to the sector they serve |
Changes in Categories L to V
| Category | Business Sector | Main Changes Under KBLI 2025 |
|---|---|---|
| L | Financial and Insurance Activities | Classification is based more closely on the type of financial activity; new scope includes carbon-unit trading, crypto-assets, factoring, and financial leasing |
| M | Real Estate Activities | Residential and non-residential real estate are separated; new scope covers industrial estates, special economic zones, warehouses, and self-storage facilities |
| N | Professional, Scientific, and Technical Activities | Design, public relations, certification, inspection, verification, and technical-testing activities are reorganised |
| O | Administrative and Support Service Activities | New intermediary services for rental and leasing are introduced; employment-placement activities are divided more clearly |
| P | Public Administration and Defence; Compulsory Social Security | A specific classification is introduced for environmental public administration, with additional wording refinements |
| Q | Education | Preschool and primary education are separated; driving schools, government and private vocational training, company training, and professional certification are addressed |
| R | Human Health and Social Work Activities | New classifications include health-service intermediaries and residential-care intermediaries; terminology and social-service descriptions are updated |
| S | Arts, Sports, and Recreation | Creative arts, performances, museums, libraries, heritage conservation, tourist attractions, independent athletes, and professional referees are reorganised |
| T | Other Service Activities | Motor-vehicle repair is moved from trade to services; computer, communication-equipment, and personal-service repairs are restructured |
| U | Activities of Households as Employers and Undifferentiated Household Production | The terminology is updated from “domestic personnel” to “domestic workers”; the previous Category T is recoded as Category U |
| V | Activities of Extraterritorial Organisations and Bodies | The scope remains largely unchanged, but the previous Category U is recoded as Category V |
Major Change for Digital Platforms and Intermediary Services
One of the most important updates in KBLI 2025 concerns the classification of digital platforms.
Under KBLI 2020, many digital-platform businesses were concentrated under web-portal or general digital-platform classifications.
Under KBLI 2025, the focus shifts from the technology used to the underlying service being facilitated.
A platform is generally considered an intermediary when it facilitates transactions between sellers and buyers in exchange for a commission or service fee, without taking ownership of the goods or directly providing the service being offered.
Examples of Digital Platform Classification
| Business Model | KBLI 2025 Classification Approach |
|---|---|
| Online marketplace for goods | Retail-trade intermediary service |
| Hotel-booking platform | Accommodation intermediary service |
| Food-ordering platform | Food-service intermediary activity |
| Passenger-ticketing application | Passenger-transport intermediary service |
| Freight-booking platform | Freight-transport intermediary service |
| Online tutoring platform | Education intermediary service |
| Telemedicine platform | Health-service intermediary activity |
| Property-listing and transaction platform | Real-estate intermediary service |
| Home-cleaning marketplace | Household or personal-service intermediary activity |
This approach means that a platform operator is not automatically classified as a retailer, hotel operator, transportation company, healthcare provider, or educational institution merely because it facilitates transactions in those sectors.
The classification depends on whether the platform directly provides the service, owns the goods, or only facilitates the transaction.
Online and Offline Trade Are No Longer Classified Separately
KBLI 2025 adopts a more technology-neutral approach to trade.
The method through which goods are sold—whether through:
- a physical shop
- a website
- a mobile application
- a marketplace
- a kiosk
- a traditional market or
- a vending machine
is no longer the primary factor for determining the business classification.
Instead, classification is based on the type of goods sold and the economic function of the business.
For example, a company selling clothing through both a physical store and a website would generally be classified according to its clothing retail activity, rather than under a separate “internet retail” category.
Recognition of Factoryless Goods Producers
KBLI 2025 expressly recognises the concept of Factoryless Goods Producers, or FGPs.
An FGP is a company that controls the production and commercialisation of a product but outsources the physical manufacturing process to another party.
A business may still be classified under the manufacturing category when it:
- owns or controls the product design
- determines technical specifications
- controls the production process
- owns the production materials or relevant inputs
- owns or provides intellectual-property inputs and
- bears the entrepreneurial risk associated with the product.
Therefore, a company does not necessarily need to operate its own factory to be classified as a manufacturer.
FGP vs Trading Company
| Factor | Factoryless Goods Producer | Trading Company |
|---|---|---|
| Controls product design | Yes | Generally no |
| Determines technical specifications | Yes | Generally no |
| Controls strategic inputs | Yes | No |
| Outsources physical manufacturing | Yes | May purchase finished goods |
| Classification | Manufacturing | Wholesale or retail trade |
Where a company merely purchases finished products from another manufacturer for resale, without controlling the production specifications or strategic inputs, it will generally be classified as a trading business rather than a manufacturer.
Examples of KBLI 2020 to KBLI 2025 Code Changes
The following examples illustrate how codes may be split, merged, relocated, or newly introduced.
| KBLI 2020 | KBLI 2025 | Type of Change | Explanation |
|---|---|---|---|
| 01270 – Growing of beverage crops | 01271, 01272, 01273, and 01279 | Code split | Divided into coffee, tea, cocoa, and other beverage crops |
| 01283 – Growing of chilli | 01138 – Growing of chilli | Recoding | The activity remains but is moved to a different code |
| 01711–01719 – Hunting and capturing different wildlife species | 01700 – Hunting, capturing, and related services | Code merger | Several wildlife-based codes are consolidated |
| 01721–01725 and 01729 – Breeding various wildlife species | 01498 – Wildlife breeding | Code merger | Several breeding classifications are combined |
| 01727 – Breeding fish and coral | 03214, 03224, and 03234 | Code split | Divided according to marine, freshwater, and brackish-water environments |
| General platform or web-portal activity | Sector-specific intermediary codes | Relocation and restructuring | Platforms are moved to the sector of the goods or services they facilitate |
| Previous Category T | Category U | Category recoding | Household-employer activities are shifted due to the addition of a new category |
| Previous Category U | Category V | Category recoding | Extraterritorial organisations retain their scope but move to Category V |
These examples are not exhaustive. Businesses should consult the full KBLI conversion table before replacing any existing code.
Will Existing Businesses Need New Licences?
The issuance of KBLI 2025 does not necessarily mean that every company must apply for entirely new licences.
Existing licences generally remain valid during the transition. Where a code change is purely administrative and does not alter the substance of the company’s activities, the adjustment may be handled through updates to the relevant government systems.
However, active amendments may be required where the transition involves a substantive change, including:
- the addition of a new business activity
- a change to the company’s purposes and objectives
- expansion into a new line of business
- a shift from direct service provision to intermediary services
- a change from trading to manufacturing, or vice versa
- a previous code being divided into several new codes or
- changes to licensing risks or sectoral requirements.
In such circumstances, a company may need to update its:
- articles of association
- company data in the Legal Entity Administration System
- Business Identification Number
- OSS business-activity information
- business licences and
- sector-specific approvals.
KBLI 2025 Transition Period
BPS Regulation No. 7 of 2025 provides a maximum adjustment period of six months from the regulation’s promulgation.
| Milestone | Date or Requirement |
|---|---|
| Regulation issued | 17 December 2025 |
| Regulation promulgated | 18 December 2025 |
| Maximum adjustment period | Six months from promulgation |
| Target completion of adjustment | 18 June 2026 |
| Existing licences | Generally remain valid during the transition |
| Non-substantive code conversion | May be adjusted through the relevant government systems |
| Substantive business change | May require active amendments and additional licensing review |
The practical implementation may depend on the readiness of the OSS system, the Legal Entity Administration System, and relevant ministries or sectoral regulators.
What Should Companies Do?
1. Identify All Existing KBLI Codes
Businesses should review the codes stated in:
- deeds of establishment and amendments
- articles of association
- Legal Entity Administration System records
- Business Identification Numbers
- OSS business-project data
- sectoral licences
- company reports and
- contracts referring to the company’s business activities.
2. Use the Official Conversion Table
Do not select a new code solely because its number or title appears similar.
Check whether the previous code has been:
- split
- merged
- moved
- deleted
- expanded or
- narrowed in scope.
3. Compare the Code with the Actual Business Activity
The selected KBLI code should accurately reflect the company’s actual activities.
Important factors include:
- the main input used
- the production or service process
- the output produced
- the company’s primary source of revenue
- ownership of goods or production inputs
- the company’s role in the transaction and
- whether the company acts as a producer, trader, service provider, or intermediary.
4. Determine Whether the Change Is Substantive
A simple code renumbering may not require amendments to the company’s articles of association.
However, a substantive change in the company’s actual activity may require amendments to:
- corporate documents
- purposes and objectives
- NIB information
- OSS records and
- business licences.
5. Review Sector-Specific Requirements
A KBLI code is only a classification tool. It does not replace sector-specific licensing requirements.
Companies must continue to comply with the applicable:
- business-risk classification
- licences
- standards
- certifications
- operational approvals
- foreign-ownership restrictions and
- supervisory requirements.
Why KBLI 2025 Matters for Foreign Investors
For foreign-owned companies, the transition to KBLI 2025 may affect more than administrative classification.
The correct KBLI code may influence:
- foreign-shareholding eligibility
- minimum investment requirements
- OSS risk classification
- sectoral business licences
- restrictions on specific business activities
- eligibility for investment facilities or incentives
- environmental approvals
- import or distribution licences and
- reporting obligations.
A foreign investor should therefore review KBLI conversion together with the company’s actual business model, rather than treating it as a simple code replacement.
Digital platforms, outsourced manufacturers, financial-technology companies, renewable-energy businesses, and intermediary-service providers may require particular attention because KBLI 2025 introduces significant structural changes in these areas.
Conclusion
KBLI 2025 is a major update to Indonesia’s business-activity classification system. It reflects developments in the digital economy, green industries, advanced technology, intermediary platforms, modern manufacturing, and service-based business models.
The most significant changes include:
- an increase from 21 to 22 business categories
- separation between content activities and digital infrastructure
- sector-specific classification of digital intermediary platforms
- removal of distinctions based solely on online or offline sales channels
- formal recognition of Factoryless Goods Producers
- new classifications for carbon activities, renewable energy, crypto-assets, and advanced technologies
- extensive splitting, merging, deletion, and relocation of business codes and
- a transition from KBLI 2020 to KBLI 2025 across Indonesia’s business-registration and licensing systems.
Although existing licences may remain valid, companies should review their KBLI codes, corporate purposes, operating models, and licensing information.
Using an incorrect code may create inconsistencies between the company’s articles of association, NIB, OSS records, sectoral licences, and actual business activities.
Disclaimer: This article is provided for general informational purposes only and does not constitute legal, tax, investment, or licensing advice. The appropriate KBLI classification and required corporate amendments should be determined based on the company’s actual activities and the applicable sectoral regulations.